Blé zanduri - Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk. (4x)

Blé à grain vêtu

Biologie du blé zanduri

Son ancêtre sauvage est connu comme T. timopheevii Zhuk. subsp. armeniacum (Jakubc.) A. et D. Löve [syn. : T. dicoccoides Körn. subsp. armeniacum Jakubc., T. araraticum Jakubc., T. timopheevii Zhuk. subsp. araraticum (Jakubc.) MacKey]. Ce blé sauvage est répandu du sud-est de la Turquie à la Transcaucasie et à l'ouest de l'Iran. Bien qu'il soit isolé génétiquement de l'amidonnier sauvage T. turgidum subsp. dicoccoides, on ne peut pratiquement pas l'en distinguer morphologiquement, alors même qu'ils poussent ensemble sur une partie de leur aire. (museum.agropolis.fr)

An extinct crop plant (after Khoshbakht and Hammer, 2010). The many extinct Triticum species (on farm) clearly show the general tendency, but which is still available in some collections, highlighting the value of the ex situ system. (Karl Hammer, 2011).

Triticum timopheevii (Zhuk.) Zhuk (2x = 4n = 28, GGA uAu) is the domesticate of T. araraticum. The origin of T. timopheevii s.str. (found in Georgia) remains unclear, but was probably introduced from Turkey (Badaeva et al. 2021. Genetic diversity, distribution and domestication history of the neglected GGA t A t genepool of wheat).

The tetraploid wheat T. timopheevii is strongly resistant to rust. Two genes conferring resistance to leaf rust (Lr18 and Lr50), three genes conferring resistance to stem rust (Sr36, Sr37, Sr40), and three genes conferring resistance to powdery mildew (Pm6, Pm27, Pm37) have been introgressed from T. timopheevii into bread wheat. Besides resistance genes, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) induced by T. timopheevii cytoplasm offers great potential for hybrid heterosis in wheat.